Human Security in Theory and Practice

Application of the Human Security Concept and the United Nations Trust Fund for Human Security (UNTFHS)

Prepared as a guide for practitioners who wish to integrate the added value of the human security approach into their work, this handbook provides an overview of the human security concept and its operational impact. Useful tools for applying the human security concept, including a step-bystep strategy for developing, implementing and evaluating human security programme/projects are provided. Two detailed case studies; one in post-conflict situations and another related to food insecure scenarios, demonstrate the application of these human security tools and are followed with additional examples of projects supported under the United Nations Trust Fund for Human Security.

Global, 2009

Amnesty International Report 2008. The State of the World’s Human Rights.

Amnesty International 

- Introduction

- The State of the World’s Human Rights 

Global - 2008

World Report 2008

Human Rights Watch

“Democracy legitimately comes in many varieties, including systems based on proportional representation and first-past-the-post models, those featuring a strong president and those centered around a powerful prime minister, those that entrust authority primarily to the executive branch and those that prefer a stronger legislature. But all democracies worthy of the name have certain common characteristics, including periodic competitive elections that are freely held as well as transparently and accurately tabulated, a meaningful array of political parties, independent media outlets, civil society organizations that give citizens—including minorities—a broad range of opportunities to band together with others to make their voices heard, and a legal system that ensures that no one—and especially no government official—is above the law.”

Global – 2008

Amnesty International Report 2007. The State of the World’s Human Rights.

Amnesty International

“The Amnesty International Report 2007 documents human rights issues of concern to Amnesty International (AI) during 2006. AI’s approach to tackling human rights abuses is informed by both the challenges and opportunities for change in a given country or region. The strategic goals that AI identifies in a country or region determine AI’s work. As a result, AI addresses particular issues in specific countries. Regional maps have been included in this report to indicate the location of countries and territories, and each individual country entry begins with some basic information about the country.”

Global – 2007

Equality at work: Tackling the challenges: Global Report under the follow-up to the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work.

International Labour Office

“The Global Report describes major advances in the struggle against discrimination, including progress in ratification of related ILO Conventions, as well as improvements on the national legal and institutional fronts, and action plans and programmes to combat inequalities stemming from discrimination.It also identifies challenges such as weak law enforcement, lack of resources among bodies set up to fight discrimination, plans that are too narrow in scope and programes too short in duration, and the informal economy as one area where equality-enhancing policies face particular difficulties in making an impact.”

Global – 2007

Human Rights Monitoring

Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights

“This handbook is about the monitoring of classical human rights (meaning civil and political rights) in one´s home country. However, the techniques described here may also be applied to studies conducted in other fields, such as those involving social rights, environmental protection issues, etc. We treat monitoring as comprising one element of action taken in the public interest.”

Global – 2001  

The State of Food Insecurity in the World - Economic crises, impacts and lessons learned, 2009

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

This report comes at a time of severe economic crisis. Countries across the globe are seeing their economies slow and recede. No nation is immune and, as usual, it is the poorest countries – and the poorest people – that are suffering the most. As a result of the economic crisis, estimates reported in this edition of The State of Food Insecurity in the World show that, for the first time since 1970, more than one billion people – about 100 million more than last year and around one sixth of all of humanity – are hungry and undernourished worldwide.

Global, 2009

The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets- High food prices and the food crisis experiences and lessons learned, 2009

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

In June 2008, the prices of basic foods on international markets reached their highest levels for 30 years, threatening the food security of the poor worldwide. In 2007 and 2008, mainly because of high food prices, an additional 115 million people were pushed into chronic hunger. Since then, prices have declined, driven lower by the financial crisis, emerging world recession, falling oil prices and an appreciating US dollar. 

Global, 2009

The global economic crisis and migrant workers: Impact and response Internationla Labour Office (ILO)

This paper aims to analyse the actual and potential impact of the global crisis on international migrant workers through a focus on four issue-areas. These are the employment and migration opportunities available to migrant workers, including changes in the demand for migrant labour and possible return to countries of origin; the volume of financial remittances sent by migrant workers to their families; situations of discrimination and xenophobia that may confront migrant workers along with their conditions of work; and the policies that both countries of destination and origin have put in place to deal with the impact of the crisis.

Global, 2009

Developed Countries Report, 2009

United Nations (UN)

The present Report suggests that three major policy orientations are required:

The policies should be oriented towards stimulating productive investment, building technological capabilities, and strengthening linkages within and across sectors and between different enterprises. Strengthening domestic productive capacities should also be aimed at producing a wider range of more sophisticated products.

It is necessary to build a new developmental State.Such development governance would be founded on a strategic collaboration between the State and the private sector that will encourage the structural transformation of LDCs from agrarian to postagrarian economies.

It is necessary to ensure effective multilateral support to LDCs. Design of rules that govern international economic relationships with regard to trade, finance, and investment and technology flows, in ways which would support development in LDCs.

Global, 2009

Global Employment Trends, 2008

International Labour Office (ILO)

The sharp contraction in global economic activity that began in theclosing months of 2008 has persisted into 2009 with widespread consequences forthe world’s labour markets. Large-scale job losses continue to be reported inmany economies. In this Global Employment Trends Update, the ILO estimates thatglobal unemployment could increase by between 29 million (lowest scenario) and59 million (highest scenario) unemployed people in 2009 versus 2007, with amiddle scenario of 39 million. All three scenarios imply severe labour marketdistress worldwide, whereby the sudden drop in the availability of jobopportunities is leading to a build up in unemployment and deterioration inother labour market indicators.

Global, 2009

World of Work Report 2008

International Labor Organization (ILO)

The report also shows that, prior to the financial crisis, there were already signs that observed trends in income inequality might not be sustainable. In the face of strong wage moderation, workers and their families became increasingly indebted in order to fund their housing investment decisions – and sometimes consumption decisions as well. The is has sustained domestic demand and economic growth in some countries, and was made possible by financial innovations. However, the crisis has underlined the limits to this growth model.

Global, 2008

Annual Report 2008 “Capacity development: Empowering People and Institutions”

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

This Report “outlines how UNDP is focusing its support in the four key areas of poverty reduction and achievement of the MDGs, democratic governance, crisis prevention and recovery, and environment and sustainable development. Through these and other activities, UNDP remains committed to supporting countries in their efforts to help build a better life for their people.”

Global - 2008

Human Development Report 2007-2008

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

"Climate change is now a scientifically established fact. The exact impact of greenhouse gas emission is not easy to forecast and there is a lot of uncertainty in the science when it comes to predictive capability. But we now know enough to recognize that there are large risks, potentially catastrophic ones, including the melting of ice-sheets on Greenland and the West Antarctic (which would place many countries under water) and changes in the course of the Gulf Stream that would bring about drastic climatic changes."

Global – 2007-2008

Human Development Report 2006

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

This year’s Human Development Report looks at an issue that profoundly influences human potential and progress towards the Millennium Development Goals. Throughout history human progress has depended on access to clean water and on the ability of societies to harness the potential of water as a productive resource. Water for life in the household and water for livelihoods through production are two of the foundations for human development. Yet for a large section of humanity these foundations are not in place.

Global - 2006

Human Development Report 2005

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

"The year 2005 will be remembered as a year of choice, when world leaders had the opportunity at the UN September Summit to turn pledges and promises into concrete actions to help eradicate extreme poverty in our world. It is an opportunity we cannot afford to miss if we are to bequeath a safer, more secure and more just world to our children and future generations."

Global - 2005

Human Development Report 2004

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

"This year’s Report builds on that analysis, by carefully examining—and rejecting—claims that cultural differences necessarily lead to social, economic and political conflict or that inherent cultural rights should supersede political and economic ones."

Global - 2004

Human Development Report 2003

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

"This Report is about a simple idea whose time has come: the Millennium Development Goals. Born of the historic Millennium Declaration adopted by 189 countries at the UN Millennium Summit in September 2000, these eight Goals— ranging from halving extreme poverty to halting the spread of HIV/AIDS to enrolling all boys and girls everywhere in primary school by 2015—are transforming development. Governments, aid agencies and civil society organizations everywhere are reorienting their work around the Goals."

Global – 2003

Human Development Report 2002

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

"This Human Development Report is first and foremost about the idea that politics is as important to successful development as economics. Sustained poverty reduction requires equitable growth—but it also requires that poor people have political power. And the best way to achieve that in a manner consistent with human development objectives is by building strong and deep forms of democratic governance at all levels of society."

Global - 2002

Annual Report 2007

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

"As we review the activities of the UN Development Programme (UNDP) over the last year, it’s clear we face a double challenge. First, there is the overall coherence and “delivering as one” agenda, which is critical for the entire UN development system. The second challenge we face relates to UNDP itself. UNDP is a key partner in building capacity for human development focused around four areas: poverty reduction, democratic governance, crisis prevention and recovery, and environment and energy."

Global - 2007

Annual Report 2006

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

"2005 was an important year for the development agenda, with the international community reaffirming its commitment to the MDGs. In 2007, we will be mid-way towards the 2015 deadline. UNDP remains committed to doing its part to translate the ambitious new partnership for development launched in 2000 into better policies, stronger institutions and greater resources more effectively deployed, all with the aim of achieving concrete improvements in the lives of those who need and deserve our strong support."

Global 2006

Annual Report 2004

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

" We also are aware that we have to operate in a global environment that is ever more dangerous and uncertain. From continued conflict in the Middle East and Iraq to the resurgence of crisis in Liberia, from growing political instability in parts of Latin America and central Asia to the relentless spread of HIV/AIDS beyond its African epicentre to South Asia and Eastern Europe, the range of development challenges only seems to grow."

Global - 2004

Annual Report 2002

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

"As this report sets out, the new UNDP is succeeding by combining the unique trust and convening power that derives from our UN character, history and mandate with our greater ability to give countries access to resources, expertise and experience through our global network and broad circle of partners."

Global - 2002

Annual Report 2001

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

" Last year put the issue of development firmly at the top of the global agenda. The world leaders who gathered in New York for the historic United Nations Millennium Summit not only committed themselves to crafting a more inclusive globalization, but endorsed a clear set of targets to measure and benchmark progress in addressing poverty, disease, hunger, and other key development challenges. And the Millennium Declaration that contained those goals also set out a broad vision of how to achieve them: through a new focus on human rights, good governance and democracy that can help give poor people the voice, protections and opportunities to build a better life for themselves and their families."

Global - 2001

Global Monitoring Report 2008

World Bank (WB)

"The Global Monitoring Report 2008 comes at an important time. This year marks the halfway point in the effort to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015. This is also an important year to work toward a consensus on how the world is going to respond to the challenge of climate change, building on the foundation laid at the conference in Bali in December 2007."

Global - 2008

The Millennium Development Goals Report, 2009

United Nations (UN)

The Millenium Development Goals Report 2008

United Nations (UN)

“The single most important success to date has been the unprecedented breadth and depth of the commitment to the MDGs a global collective effort that is unsurpassed in 50 years of development experience.

This global collective effort is yielding results. Adding more recent data to those contained in earlier Reports largely confirms the patterns identified previously. There has been sound progress in some MDG areas, even in some of the more challenging regions, and a number of targets are expected to be reached by their target dates, mostly 2015”.

Global, 2008

The Millenium Development Goals Report 2007

United Nations (UN)

" With support from the United Nations, many developing countries – particularly in Africa – have advanced in preparing strategies to achieve the MDGs. As of mid-2007, 41 countries in sub-Saharan Africa had started the process of preparing national development strategies aligned with the MDGs and other development goals agreed upon through the United Nations. During this mid-point year, the international community needs to support the preparation of these strategies and to accelerate implementation of the MDGs."

Global - 2007

The middle class and the development process

Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)

“Stable, higher income democracies often have both a strong middle class and relatively low levels of inequality. In contrast, lower and middle income countries with highly unequal patterns of income distribution and stratified social structures often have a weak middle class, more social conflict and a tendency to populist and/or authoritarian politics. This paper investigates, for a sample of more than 120 countries, some empirical correlations between the size of the middle class and the following set of variables: the level of per capita income and wealth, the degree of inequality of per capita income and wealth, the level and composition of public expenditure, the share of small and medium size enterprises in employment and output and an indicator of democracy.”

Regional – 2008

What Works Best in Reducing Child Poverty: A Benefit or Work Strategy?

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)

"This paper assesses the extent to which child poverty is associated with the work status of parents. It is found that in nearly all OECD countries child poverty rates are significantly higher for jobless families than for families with at least one parent in employment, and are also higher in single-earner families than in two-earner families, and in sole-parent households compared to two-parent households. While jobless families are nearly everywhere the most disadvantaged among the poor, the analysis finds, however, that on average across OECD countries only around one-third of poor families with children are jobless, although this ratio varies widely – from less than 20% (Austria, Greece, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Mexico, Portugal, Turkey and the United States) to 60% or more (Australia, the Czech Republic, Germany and Norway)."

Global - 2007

What Works Best in Reducing Child Poverty: A Benefit or Work Strategy?

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)

“This paper assesses the extent to which child poverty is associated with the work status of parents. It is found that in nearly all OECD countries child poverty rates are significantly higher for jobless families than for families with at least one parent in employment, and are also higher in single-earner families than in two-earner families, and in sole-parent households compared to two-parent households.”

Global - 2007

Eradication of poverty and hunger

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

“It is unacceptable that 843 million people in developing and transition countries continue to suffer from hunger and that more than 1 billion still live on less than 1 dollar a day. Effective action against hunger and poverty has been impeded by a lack of political will to tackle the problem and, consequently, to provide the required resources.”

Global – 2005

Worldwide Prevalence of Anaemia 1993-2005

World Health Organization (WHO)

In this report, the prevalence of anaemia is presented by country and by WHO regions. Because these prevalence data may be used to identify programme needs by other United Nations agencies, we have presented the estimates classified by United Nations regions in the annexes.

Global - 2008

Progress for Children - A Report Card on Child Protection

United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)

Around the world, far too many children are subject to violence, exploitation and abuse. Some are forced to work under harmful conditions. Others face violence or abuse in their homes, their schools, their communities or in institutional care. In some places children are targets for illegal recruitment by armed groups and armed forces or are forced to flee their homes due to conflict or natural disaster. And millions, especially girls, are subject to sexual violence and abuse as well as harmful traditional practices.

Global, 2009

World report on child injury prevention, 2008

World Health Organization (WHO) / UNICEF

The overall aims of the report are:

– to raise awareness about the magnitude, risk factors and impacts of child injuries globally;

– to draw attention to the preventability of child injuries and present what is known about the eff ectiveness of intervention strategies;

– to make recommendations that can be implemented by all countries to reduce child injuries eff ectively.

Global, 2008 

The State of Africa’s Children 2008

UNICEF

The State of Africa’s Children 2008 highlights the need to position child survival at the heart of Africa’s development and human rights agenda. It begins by examining the state of child survival and progress towards the health-related MDGs for children and mothers in each of the continent’s five main subregions: Eastern, Central, North, Southern and West Africa. Although much of the report concentrates on Africa south of the Sahara, cases and analysis from North Africa are examined as well.

Regional - 2008

The State of the Asia-Pacific’s Children 2008

UNICEF 

The report begins by examining broad trends in child and maternal survival and health for the Asia-Pacific region as a whole, and setting out the main challenges for both countries and subregions in the run up to 2015. It then explores trends in child health and primary health-care provision in Asia-Pacific’s four main subregions: Eastern Asia, South Asia, South- Eastern Asia and the Pacific. While Eastern Asia, and to a lesser extent, South-Eastern Asia, are on track to meet most of the health-related MDGs, including MDG 4, which seeks to reduce under-five mortality rates by two thirds between 1990 and 2015, South Asia and the Pacific have much to do to achieve the goals.

Regional - 2008

The State of Latin American and Caribbean Children 2008

UNICEF

A particular focus is on the three priority countries – Brazil, Haiti and Mexico – that have the highest rates or highest numbers of child deaths in the region.

The report outlines broad priorities that are required to accelerate progress on child and maternal health in general, and to reduce inequality in health-care provision and health outcomes in particular.

Regional - 2008

Report 2008: The State of the World’s Children 2008. Child Survival.

UNICEF

“The State of the World’s Children 2008 assesses the state of child survival and primary health care for mothers, newborns and children today. These issues serve as sensitive barometers of a country’s development and wellbeing and as evidence of its priorities and values. Investing in the health of children and their mothers is a human rights imperative and one of the surest ways for a country to set its course towards a better future.”

Global – 2008 

Report 2007: The State of the World’s Children 2007. Women and Children. The Double Dividend of Gender Equality.

UNICEF

“The State of the World’s Children 2007 examines the discrimination and disempowerment women face throughout their lives – and outlines what must be done to eliminate gender discrimination and empower women and girls. It looks at the status of women today, discusses how gender equality will move all the Millennium Development Goals forward, and shows how investment in women’s rights will ultimately produce a double dividend: advancing the rights of both women and children.”

Global – 2007 

Report 2006: The State of the World’s Children 2006. Excluded and Invisible

UNICEF

“Children report focuses on excluded and invisible children who have no access to essential services, protection and participation.”

Global – 2006 

Report 2005: The State of the World’s Children 2005. Childhood Under Threat.

UNICEF

“The gap between the reality and the ideal of childhood is the focus of this year’s report on The State of the World’s Children: what childhood means for children, what childhood means for countries, and what must be done if the rights of all children are to be protected, if the Millennium Development Goals are to be met, and if we are to be successful in building a world fit for children and for all of us.”

Global – 2005

Report 2006: Annual Report 2004.

UNICEF

“The UNICEF Annual Report 2004 highlights our work with partners in 157 countries worldwide. It puts the spotlight on key achievements in each of our priority areas: girls’ education, early childhood development, immunization plus, HIV/AIDS and child protection; also addressed are the threats to children brought on by some of the natural and man-made emergencies that unfolded in 2004, as well as UNICEF’s response.”

Global – 2004

Moving young contents: State of the world population

UNFPA

“This report explores the lives of young women and young men who have ventured into new lands to chase their dreams or to escape oppression, war, poverty or misfortune. It profiles the lives of young women and men from ten countries – Burkina Faso, Colombia, India, Kenya, Liberia, Moldova, the Netherlands, the Philippines, Suriname and Zambia. Some have never migrated, but their lives are marked by the experiences of spouses or relatives who have moved abroad."

Global - 2006

Framework for action on adolescents & youth

UNFPA

“This document is based on the Fund’s commitment to invest in adolescents and youth and help them gain access to opportunities. For countries experiencing or about to experience the demographic transition and for countries showing a significant youth bulge, social investments in young people can help to achieve a healthy, socio-economically productive and povertyfree society. This document’s primary focus is on translating the Fund’s commitment to action. It is based on UNFPA’s extensive experience of working for more than thirty years in the area of adolescents and youth. It does not provide all the answers, but it charts a roadmap for positioning UNFPA for action”.

Save the Children Annual Report 2006.

Save the Children

Global - 2006

Save the Children Annual Report 2005.

Save the Children

Global - 2005

Save the Children Annual Report 2004.

Save the Children

Global - 2004

Save the Children Annual Report 2004.

Save the Children

Global - 2004

The World’s Youth 2006. Data Sheet

Population Reference Bureau

“The gap between boys’ and girls’ school enrollments has narrowed in the last decade as girls’ enrollments have risen throughout the developing world. Girls have an educational advantage in much of Latin America and are roughly on par with boys in Southeast and East Asia. But girls still face disadvantages in parts of South Asia, western Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa.”

Global – 2006

Progress of the World´s women 2008/2009. Annual Report

United Nations Development Fund for Women

“Gender equality advocates have been at the forefront of efforts to democratize power relations in private and informal institutions as well as in the public sphere. Indeed, this report shows that women’s efforts to expose gender-based injustice and demand redress have changed the ways in which we think of accountability”.

Global, 2008

UNIFEM Annual Report 2006 – 2007

United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM)

This document presents the achievements of UNIFEM through 10 years of work. It also presents a balance of women rights condition in 2006.

Global – 2007

UNIFEM Annual Report 2005 – 2006

United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM)

Global – 2006

UNIFEM Annual Report 2004 – 2005

United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM)

Global – 2005 

UNIFEM Annual Report 2003 – 2004

United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM)

Global – 2004

UNIFEM Annual Report 2002 – 2003

United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM)

Global – 2003

Empowering Young Women to Lead Change

United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)

This document “is designed to support the development of young women’s skills and to enable them to provide leadership on the issues that concern them. It offers engaging and dynamic activities to motivate and enable young women to believe in their abilities to catalyse change and to mobilise others to do the same.”

Global – 2006

Women’s Economic Empowerment: meeting the needs of Impoverished Women

United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)

“This report, jointly produced by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and the Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) at Columbia University, provides a summary of current thinking on women’s economic empowerment and provides recommendations to UNFPA on strategic interventions to achieve this goal.”

Global

Gender Equality and the Millennium Development Goals

World Bank – Gender and Development Group

The main objectives of this paper are: i) to show the strong linkages between gender equality and all the MDGs; ii) to show that working for gender equality offers a compelling, win-win approach for policy makers and planners towards attaining and implementing the MDGs; and iii) to give examples of how gender equality can be integrated into MDG policies and interventions.

Global – 2003

Women, Ageing and Health: a framework for action.

United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)

This Framework for Action addresses the health status and factors that influence women’s health at midlife and older ages with a focus on gender.

Global – 2007

Women of our World 2005

Population Reference Bureau

Some indicators about woman’s life.

Global – 2005

Population Bulletin. Vol. 56, No. 1. New Population Policies: Advancing Women’s Health and Rights 2001.

Population Reference Bureau

“Policies that address population issues touch on the most sensitive aspects of people’s lives: sexuality, childbearing, and family relationships. Seeking an international consensus on population policies has often been a contentious process.”

Global - 2001

Population Bulletin. Vol. 60, No. 1. Global Aging: The Challenge of Success 2005

Population Reference Bureau

“Populations are growing older in countries throughout the world. While the populations of more developed countries have been aging for well over a century, this process began recently in most less developed countries, and it is being compressed into a few decades. By 2050, nearly 1.2 billion of the expected 1.5 billion people age 65 or older will reside in today’s less developed regions.”

Global – 2005

UNESCO and Indigenous Peoples: Partnership to promote cultural diversity.

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

“This booklet, entitled UNESCO and Indigenous Peoples: Partnership to Promote Cultural Diversity has three main objectives. First and foremost, it was conceived as a tool for all concerned parties who wish to contribute to the implementation of the Organization’s programme relevant to the rights and interests of indigenous peoples. Secondly, it serves to present UNESCO’s involvement in the implementation of the First International Decade of the World’s Indigenous People and the various activities undertaken by UNESCO in its fields of competence: education, social and natural science, culture and communication.”

Global – 2006

Disabilities. From Exclusion to Equality. Realizing the rights of persons with disabilities.

United Nations (ONU)

“Over 650 million persons around the world live with disabilities. Add to that their extended families, and a staggering two billion people daily live with disabilities. In every region in the world, in every country in the world, persons with disabilities often live on the margins of society, deprived of some of life’s fundamental experiences.”

Global  - 2007

Reducing HIV Stigma and Discrimination: a critical part of national AIDS programmes

The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 

“This document presents strategies, programme examples and research findings concerning how governments, the UN system, donors and civil society can make the reduction of HIV-related stigma and discrimination central in the national response to AIDS. Development partners – as they support national authorities and civil society partners in scaling up toward universal access – can inspire greater political, financial and programmatic commitment to address stigma and discrimination in national AIDS responses.” 

Global - 2007

United to combat racism

United Nations, Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

"This report exposes “the fight against racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia, and related intolerance in the world”. As well as the legal framework, promoted by United Nations system, to “eliminate such institutional forms of racial discrimination as colonialism and apartheid”.

Global – 2001

State of World Population 2008

United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)

The report gives an overview of the conceptual frameworks as well as the practice of development, looking at the everyday events that make up people’s experience of development. Culturally sensitive approaches call for cultural fluency – familiarity with how cultures work, and how to work with them. The report presents some of the challenges and dilemmas of culturally sensitive strategies and suggests how partnerships can address them.

Global, 2008

State of the World Population  2007

United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)

The present Report thus attempts to look beyond current problems, real, urgent and poignant though they are.

Yet, it is also a call to action. The Report tries to grasp the implications of the imminent doubling of the developing world’s urban population and discusses what needs to be done to prepare for this massive increase. It looks more closely at the demographic processes underlying urban growth in developing areas and their policy implications. It specifically examines the consequences of the urban transition for poverty reduction and sustainability.

Global 2007

State of the World Population  2006

United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)

For a long time, the issue of women migrants has been low on the international policy agenda. Today, the world has a unique opportunity to change this: For the first time, government representatives from around the globe will be attending a United Nations session specifically devoted to migration. The 2006 High-Level Dialogue on International Migration and Development offers a critical opportunity to ensure that the voices of migrant women are heard. The explicit recognition of the human rights of women and the need for gender equality is a basic prerequisite of any sound, equitable and effective policy framework that seeks to manage migration in an orderly and humane manner. 

Global 2006

Annual Report 2007

United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)

The year 2007 marked the halfway point for the Millennium Development Goals. So far, world progress towards meeting the goals has been uneven. UNFPA’s contributions in the areas of reproductive health and rights, and to preventing violence against women, are critical to achieving these targets. In 2007 alone, UNFPA made significant progress towards raising awareness and motivating action on Millennium Development Goal 5, which aims to improve maternal health and stem the loss of women as they give birth. The ultimate goal of the United Nations is to build a world in which everyone has the opportunity and the means to be the best they can and want to be.

Global – 2007

Annual Report 2006

United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)

Every country has made commitments to improve living standards in larger freedom. These commitments are elaborated in many international agreements, including the Millennium Development Goals and the Programme of Action adopted at the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD). Yet, for millions of women and girls, a life of health and equal opportunity is threatened by violence, discrimination, poverty and other ills.

Global 2006

World Population Futures

Population Reference Bureau

“Global environmental changes, for example, will be driven in part by the evolving size, geographic distribution, and makeup of the world’s population. In turn, changes in societies, economic systems, and the environment will influence population dynamics.”

Global - 2001

World Population: More than just numbers

Population Reference Bureau

“We entered the 20th century with a population of less than 2 billion people. Just as this century ends, world population will reach 6 billion. The increase in the size of the human population in the last half-century is unprecedented. There have never been as many people on Earth as there are now.”

Global - 1999

2007 World Population. Data Sheet.

Population Reference Bureau

“These colorful wallcharts contain the latest population estimates, projections, and other key indicators for countries and world regions, including such demographic variables as births, deaths, natural increase, infant mortality, total fertility, life expectancy, urban population, HIV/AIDS prevalence, contraceptive use, GNI PPP per capita, land area, and population per square mile. Topics range from world population to the environment to youth to women.”

Global – 2007

2006 World Population. Data Sheet.

Population Reference Bureau

“Contain the latest population estimates, projections, and other key indicators for countries and world regions, including such demographic variables as births, deaths, natural increase, infant mortality, total fertility, life expectancy, urban population, HIV/AIDS prevalence, contraceptive use, GNI PPP per capita, land area, and population per square mile.”

Global – 2006

2005 World Population. Data Sheet.

Population Reference Bureau

“The annual World Population Data Sheet, summarizing and comparing demographic, health, and environment measures and population facts for more than 200 countries.”

Global – 2005

2004 World Population. Data Sheet.

Population Reference Bureau

“The annual World Population Data Sheet, summarizing and comparing demographic, health, and environment measures and population facts for more than 200 countries.”

Global – 2004

Population and Economic Development. Linkages 2007 Data Sheet.

Population Reference Bureau

“This data sheet explores the associations between demographic change and economic development. Its purpose is to stimulate discussion and promote further inquiry and research. The data presented here are not intended to imply cause and effect between any of the indicators. In most cases, the indicators we present influence each other both directly and through other factors.”

Global – 2007

Population Bulletin. Vol. 62, No. 3. World Population Highlights 2007.

Population Reference Bureau

“Population change is linked to economic development, education, the environment, the status of women, epidemics and other health threats, and access to family planning information and services.”

Global - 2007

Population Bulletin. Vol. 59, No. 1. Transitions in World Population 2004.

Population Reference Bureau

“Public discourse on population today tends to flow in one of two directions. One emphasizes the continued growth in the less developed regions, and the economic, social, environmental, and political strains associated with adding a few billion more people in the next 50 years.”

Global - 2004

Population Bulletin. Vol. 58, No. 3. Critical Links: Population, Health, and Environment 2003.

Population Reference Bureau

“The number of people is just one factor driving environmental change. Other demographic factors also cause change. Where people live and the rate of population growth increase the demand for natural resources such as water and fossil fuels, adding pressure on environmental systems such as watersheds and rainforests.”

Global - 2003

Population Bulletin. Vol. 54, No. 1. World Population Beyond Six Billion 1999.

Population Reference Bureau

“In the history of the world, no century can match the population growth of the one now coming to a close. We entered the 20th century with less than 2 billion people, and we leave it with more than 6 billion.”

Global - 1999

Climate change and water

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

Technical Paper on Climate Change and Water is the sixth paper in the IPCC Technical Paper series. The Technical Paper addresses the issue of freshwater. Sea level rise is dealt with only insofar as it can lead to impacts on freshwater in coastal areas and beyond. Climate, freshwater, biophysical and socio-economic systems are interconnected in complex ways. Hence, a change in any one of these can induce a change in any other. Freshwater-related issues are critical in determining key regional and sectoral vulnerabilities. Therefore, the relationship between climate change and freshwater resources is of primary concern to human society and also has implications for all living species.

Global – 2008

Case Studies on Climate Change and World Heritage, 2007.

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) – World Heritage Convention.

“The iconic character of World Heritage sites is an important asset for raising public concern and enthusiasm and, therefore, building up support to take preventive and precautionary measures for adapting to climate change. As the conservation of World Heritage sites is regularly monitored and assessed, any adverse impact is systematically reported to the World Heritage Committee which recommends appropriate corrective action.”

Global - 2007

World Heritage Reports 22. Climate Change and World Heritage.

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) – World Heritage Convention.

“Report on predicting and managing the impacts of climate change on World Heritage and Strategy to assist States Parties to implement appropriate management responses.”

Global 2007

World Heritage Papers 13. Linking Universal and Local Values: Managing a Sustainable Future for World Heritage.

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

“The aim of the conference was to reflect on the involvement of local communities in all aspects of the management of World Heritage properties, and to identify opportunities for their sustainable economic and social development, predominantly at the grass-roots level. Lines of action for encouraging a pro-active approach towards community participation were discussed.”

Global – 2004

Global Warming on the Road. The Climate Impact of America’s Automobiles

Environmental Defense

“For most Americans, the automobile is an essential part of daily life. It has shaped our culture and our landscape. The industries that build and serve cars form a key part of our economy. The automobile is not without its faults, but they often are concealed by the styling, performance and other features that make today’s vehicles so desirable.”

United States - 2006

The Latest Myths and Facts on Global Warming

Environmental Defense

“This summary provides a brief overview of the most common myths regarding global warming. For a more comprehensive and in-depth discussion of the scientific issues, please see the main body of the report. While written for a general audience, the main body of the report includes citations of peer-reviewed scientific literature.”

Global – 2005

Our Planet -2008. Maintaining Momentum. Financing Actions on Climate.

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

“Describes how integrating climate change adaptation with sustainable development objectives matters for vulnerable countries and communities.”

Global -2008

Our Planet: Connected Dreams. Globalization and the Environment

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

“The very word globalization triggers often highly polarized views. For some it is an apocalyptic demon devouring the environment, homogenizing cultures and values and subverting equity, justice and common decency. For others it is the ultimate evolution of the market, freeing multinational corporations from government red tape and promising previously unimaginable economic development which could overcome poverty and scythe through what are seen as outdated, suffocating values.”

Global – 2007

Our Planet Vol. 17 No. 2: Climate Change and Economic Development

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

“We need to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, which means altering how we live and do business – including through more efficient use of energy and other resources technological development, and greater public awareness.”

Global – 2006

Our Planet Vol. 15 No. 3: The Rule of Law and the Millennium Development Goals.

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

“This issue of Our Planet is dedicated to the Millennium Development Goals and the rule of law. While much can be achieved by voluntary action, from tackling extreme poverty to delivering safe and sufficient drinking water, the achievements will be even greater if underpinned by a sound legal structure and a vibrant judiciary.”

Global – 2005

Our Planet Vol. 15 No. 2: Women, Health and Environment.

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

“This edition of Our Planet celebrates women, and underlines their unique vulnerability to environment-related health problems, from water and sanitation issues to ones of indoor air pollution.”

Global – 2004

Global Education Digest, 2009

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

This edition of the Global Education Digest (GED) explores the changing patterns in higher education, while presenting indicators that span the entire scope of the education sector. Moreover, the Digest introduces additional time series data on tertiary education to assess progress since 1970. It also expands reporting on upper secondary education graduates to 70 countries, which helps forecast the number of potential entrants into tertiary programmes.

Global, 2009

Global Education Digest, 2008

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

To start, the Digest presents a new set of historical time series data. The data set includes 15 indicators essential to tracking longterm progress from 1970 to 2006. A number of new indicators have been introduced in this edition of the Digest, including educational attainment data and the entry ratio into secondary education.

Global, 2008

Education for All (EFA) Monitoring Report 2009

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

When a majority of the world’s countries committed at the turn of the new century to achieve Education for All (EFA) by 2015, they did so with the confidence that the EFA goals would stand the test of time. 

Progress has been too slow and too uneven in many countries. There is now a clear and present danger that some key goals will not be achieved. Averting that danger is vital, not just because education is a basic human right, but also because it is crucial for improving child and maternal health, individual incomes, environmental sustainability and economic growth, and for driving progress towards all the Millennium Development Goals.

Global, 2009

Global Monitoring Report 2008. Education for All by 2015, Will we make it?

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 

“The EFA Global Monitoring Report offers an authoritative reference for comparing the experiences of countries, understanding the positive impact of specific policies and recognizing that progress happens when there is political vision and commitment. I urge every development and education stakeholder to use this report as a guide and impetus for bold and sustained action. We cannot afford to fail.” 

Global – 2008

Global Monitoring Report 2007. Education for All. Strong Foundations. Early Childhood care and education.

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 

“The 2007 Report focuses on the first Education for All goal, which calls upon countries to expand and improve early childhood care and education – in the form of a holistic package encompassing care, health and nutrition in addition to education.” 

Global – 2007

Global Monitoring Report 2006. Education for All. Literacy for life.

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 

“The EFA Global Monitoring Report 2006 aims to shine a stronger policy spotlight on the more neglected goal of literacy - a foundation not only for achieving EFA but, more broadly, for reaching the overarching goal of reducing human poverty.”

Global – 2006

Global Monitoring Report 2005. Education for All. The Quality Imperative

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 

“This Report reviews research evidence on the multiple factors that determine quality, and maps out key policies for improving the teaching and learning process, especially in low-income countries. It monitors international assistance to education and progress towards the six goals of Education for All, to which over 160 countries committed themselves in 2000, at the World Education Forum.” 

Global – 2005

Global Monitoring Report 2003/4. Education for All. The Leap to Equality.

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 

-  Chapter 1

-  Chapter 2

-  Chapter 3

-  Chapter 4

- Chapter 5

-  Chapter 6

-  Chapter 7 

Global – 2003/04

Literacy, Knowledge and Development. South-South

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Secretaría de Educación Pública (SEP), Instituto Nacional para la Educación de los Adultos (INEA) 

“This publication contains the results of the conference South-South Policy Dialogue on Quality Education for Adults and Young People that took place in Mexico City in 2005. Articles were written by participants who presented their national programmes from the governmental perspective, which were reflected in the literacy policies, but there were also important contributions on basic education and competence recognition.”

Global – 2007

Diarrheal Disease: Solutions to Defeat a Global Killer

PATH

Tragically, diarrheal disease remains one of the leading killers of children around the world, responsible for the deaths of nearly 1.6 million children annually, yet is no longer considered a global health priority. Diarrheal disease is the most common cause of illness and the second leading cause of child death in the world. It is claiming the lives of nearly 4,000 children each day. The burden is greatest in the developing world where access to safe water, sanitation, and medical care are often limited.

Global, 2009

The Global Burden of Disease 2004

World Health Organization (WHO)

A consistent and comparative description of the burden of diseases and injuries, and risk factors that cause them, is an important input to health decision- making and planning processes. Information that is available on mortality and health in populations in all regions of the world is fragmentary and sometimes inconsistent.

Global, 2008 

Progress for Children: A Report Card on Maternal Mortality

United Nations Children´s Fund (UNICEF)

Globally, more than 500,000 women die each year because of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth.

At the present rate of progress, the world will fall well short of the target for maternal mortality reduction. There is much uncertainty around the data, but they suggest that to reach the target, the global MMR would have had to be reduced by an average 5.5 per cent a year between 1990 and 2015. The current average rate of reduction is less than 1 per cent a year.

Global, 2008

Safer water, better health

World Health Organization (WHO) 

“This document summarizes the evidence and information related to water and health in a broad sense - encompassing drinking-water supply, sanitation, hygiene, and the development and management of water resources. It collects the ingredients that support policy decisions, namely the disease burden at stake, the effectiveness of interventions, their costs and impacts, and implications for financing.” 

Global – 2008

Health, Education, and Water and Sanitation for All

Oxfam International

“Classrooms with teachers; clinics with nurses; running taps and working toilets: for millions of people across developing countries these things are a distant dream. And yet it is these vital public services – health, education, water and sanitation – that are the key to transforming the lives of people living in poverty.”

Global - 2006

The World Health Report 2007. A Safer Future. Global Public Health Security in the 21^st Century.

World Health Organization (WHO)

“For the purposes of this report, global public health security is defined as the activities required, both proactive and reactive, to minimize vulnerability to acute public health events that endanger the collective health of populations living across geographical regions and international boundaries.”

Global – 2007

The World Health Report 2006. Working together for health.

World Health Organization (WHO)

“Life expectancies have collapsed in some of the poorest countries to half the level of the richest – attributable to the ravages of HIV/AIDS in parts of sub-Saharan Africa and to more than a dozen “failed states”. These setbacks have been accompanied by growing fears, in rich and poor countries alike, of new infectious threats such as SARS and avian influenza and “hidden” behavioural conditions such as mental disorders and domestic violence.”

Global – 2006

The World Health Report 2005. Make every mother and child count.

World Health Organization (WHO)

“This year’s World Health Report comes at a time when only a decade is left to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which set internationally agreed development aspirations for the world’s population to be met by 2015. These goals have underlined the importance of improving health, and particularly the health of mothers and children, as an integral part of poverty reduction.”

Global – 2005

The World Health Report 2004. Changing history.

World Health Organization (WHO)

“The most important message of the latest World Health Report is that, today, the international community has the chance to change the history of health for generations to come and open the door to better health for all. Tackling HIV/AIDS is the world’s most urgent public health challenge. Unknown barely a quarter of a century ago, it is now the leading cause of death for young adults worldwide.”

Global – 2004

The World Health Report 2003. Shaping the Future.

World Health Organization (WHO)

“The World Health Report 2003 affirms that the key task of the global health community is to close the gap between such contrasting lives. Building on past experience and achievements, the report proposes solid strategies to shape a healthier, more equitable future.”

Global – 2003

The World Health Report 2002. Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life.

World Health Organization (WHO)

“The report describes the amount of disease, disability and death in the world today that can be attributed to a selected number of the most important risks to human health. This is of great interest in itself but, more importantly, the report also calculates how much of this present burden could be avoided in the next couple of decades if the same risk factors were reduced from now onwards.”

Global – 2002

The World Health Report 2001. Mental Health: New Understanding, New Hope.

World Health Organization (WHO)

“This landmark World Health Organization publication aims to raise public and professional awareness of the real burden of mental disorders and their costs in human, social and economic terms. At the same time it intends to help dismantle many of those barriers – particularly of stigma, discrimination and inadequate services – which prevent many millions of people worldwide from receiving the treatment they need and deserve.”

Global – 2001

State of the World’s Mother 2007

Save the Children  

Also featured in this year’s report is an improved Mothers’ Index analyzing 140 countries to show where it’s best and worst to be a mother and a child. This is our biggest and most comprehensive Index ever, using new indicators to more precisely rank countries relative to their level of development. 

Global - 2007

State of the World’s Mother 2006

Save the Children  

This year’s State of the World’s Mothers report shows which countries are  succeeding – and which are failing – in saving the lives of mothers and their babies. It examines the ways investments in health care, nutrition, education and communication can make a difference for newborns, mothers, communities and society as a whole.

It also points to low-cost, low-tech solutions that could save the vast majority of these young lives. 

Global - 2006

State of the World’s Mother 2005

Save the Children 

This report takes note of the many successful strategies and long-term benefits of getting girls in school and keeping them there. It’s the reason that Congress should ensure the foreign assistance budget contributes significantly to basic education programs in the developing world. It’s the reason that we should support organizations like Save the Children that emphasize education, particularly for girls.

Global – 2005

State of the World’s Mother 2004

Save the Children  

This year’s report marks a milestone for Save the Children. Five years ago, Save the Children issued its first State of the World’s Mothers report documenting conditions for mothers and their children in more than 100 countries. Over the past five years, our annual Mothers’ Indexes have shown consistently that in those countries where mothers fare best, children fare best.

Global - 2004

Maternal Mortality in 2006

United Nations Population Fund 

This is the fourth issue of the Maternal Mortality Update which is published every two years by the Technical Support Division of UNFPA. Like its predecessors, it is intended for all staff, partners and donors as well as the general public, to provide them with the latest information about UNFPA institutional priorities and programmes with regard to maternal mortality and morbidity reduction. Following the initiative of the Maternal Mortality Update 2004: Delivering into Good Hands, and as a contribution to the call by WHO in their World Health Report 2006 on the Health Workforce, this issue focuses on the key staff responsible for maternal health care: midwives and others with midwifery skills. It was prepared in collaboration with the International Confederation of Midwives (ICM). 

Global 2006

Maternal Mortality in 2005

United Nations Population Fund, World Health Organization, The World Bank and the United Nations Children’s Fund 

The World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), and the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) have made three previous attempts to develop internationally comparable estimates of maternal mortality (for the years 1990, 1995, and 2000) by using an approach that encompasses different sources of data. However, the exact methodology used by each exercise differed. The development of country,

regional, and global estimates for 2005 followed a similar approach, but used improved methodological techniques. Development of this round of estimates involved The World Bank in addition to WHO, UNICEF and UNFPA. A separate analysis of trends was also performed, to assess the likely change in MMR from 1990 to 2005 at the regional and global levels. 

Global 2005

Giving Girls Today & Tomorrow

United Nations Population Fund 

Adolescent girls hold the key to a world without poverty. With the right skills and opportunities, they can invest in themselves now and, later, in their families.

If they are able to stay in school, postpone marriage, delay family formation, and build their capacity they will have more time to prepare for adulthood and participate in the labor force before taking on the responsibilities of motherhood. They and their future children can be educated and healthy. One family at a time, they can help fuel the economic growth of their countries. 

Global

Public choices, private decisions: Sexual and reproductive health and Millennium Development Goals.

Millenium Project

“Public Choices, Private Decisions identifies and also describes the poli­cies and practical investments that can improve access to SRH services and information. Based on country experiences from around the world, the report shows how SRH analyses and interventions can be integrated into MDG-based national development strategies, as recommended by the UN Millen­nium Project.”

Global – 2006  

Prevention is for life. HIV/AIDS: dispatches from the field.

United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)

"Prevention works. And this booklet will tell you how, by providing real-life examples of how communities can make a difference and save lives. Since the HIV/AIDS epidemic erupted on the global health care scene in the early 1980s, researchers, health care workers, community leaders and activists, including those most at risk of acquiring HIV, have underscored the necessity of promoting the most cost-effective, rights-based, evidence-informed and rational intervention within the public health arsenal: prevention. In theory and in practice this means arming people with the information, counseling, services and commodities—such as male and female condoms—that will enable them to avoid acquiring HIV in the first place.”

Global – 2008

Their Protection is in Our Hands: The State of Global Child Trafficking for Sexual Purposes

The Body Shop and ECPAT International

An estimated 1.2 million children are trafficked worldwide for sexual exploitation, including for prostitution or the production of sexually abusive images, as well as to be used as cheap labour. Among the total victims of the global trafficking of human beings (which is believed to generate billions of US dollars annually), children count for over 20%. To some, this may appear as a phenomenon mostly concerning less developed countries, but the fact is, even if many victims may originate from relatively underprivileged areas, these children are trafficked for sexual exploitation in or through virtually all countries in the world to meet the sexual desires of a large number of exploiters and abusers, and financial gain for traffickers.

Global, 2009

Anti-human trafficking manual for criminal justice practitioners

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)

The Anti-Human Trafficking Manual for Criminal Justice Practitioners is offered in response to these various challenges. It aims to address capacity gaps of criminal justice practitioners working to prevent and combat trafficking in persons, protect and assist its victims, and effectively cooperate with others in doing so. The manual elaborates promising practices in every phase of criminal justice response to trafficking in persons, and stands as a practical guide and training tool for criminal justice practitioners.

Global, 2009

Trafficking in Persons Report 2008.

Department of State of the United States

Global - 2009

Trafficking in Persons Report

U.S. Department of State

This Report is the eighth annual TIP Report. It is intended to raise global awareness, to highlight efforts of the international community, and to encourage foreign governments to take effective actions to counter all forms of trafficking in persons.

Global - 2008

Trafficking in Persons Report

U. S. Department of State

This Report is intended to raise global awareness and spur foreign governments to take effective actions to counter all forms of trafficking in persons — a form of modernday slavery.

Global – 2005

Combating trafficking in children for labour exploitation International Labour Office

In addition to being a serious violation of children’s Rights and a criminal act, the trafficking of children is undeniably a labour issue. This resource kit caputures this work and makes the Programme’s experiences and knowledge available to those who desing, implement and improve policy and programming to fight child trafficking.  

Global - 2009

Caring for TraFFICKED PERSONS

International Organization for Migration

This document aims to provide practical, non-clinical guidance to help concerned health providers understand the phenomenon of human trafficking, recognize some of the health problems associated with trafficking and consider safe and appropriate approaches to providing health care for trafficked persons. It outlines the health provider’s role in providing care and describes some of the limitations of his or her responsibility to assist.

Global – 2009

Human Trafficking Indicators

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

Some indicators, people can consider, to recognize a situation involving trafficking in humans.

Global – 2009

Global Report on Trafficking in Persons, 2009

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)

Based on data gathered from 155 countries, it offers the first globalassessment of the scope of human trafficking and what is being done tofight it. It includes: an overview of trafficking patterns; legal stepstaken in response; and country-specific information on reported casesof trafficking in persons, victims, and prosecutions. A Global Report on Trafficking in Persons launched today by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) provides new information on a crime that shames us all.

Global- 2009

Combating Trafficking In Persons

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

The Handbook contains a compilation of international laws and good practices developed to combat human trafficking. It offers guidance on how national legislation can be brought in line with international standards, outlines measures to prevent commission of the crime of trafficking in persons and also contains advice on how to report on this crime and how to enlist civil society in the cause.

Global – 2009

The Cost of Coercion

International Labour Office

The present Report aims to set out the challenges facing the key actors and institutions involved in a global alliance against forced labour. There are daunting conceptual, political, legal, and juridical, against Forced Labour and Trafficking.

Global -  2009

ILO Action Against Trafficking in Human Beings

International Labour Office (ILO)

This document recollects data about migration and the strategies implemented by governments to prevent the trafficking of human beings. It also has some research done on issues such as HIV/AIDS and trafficking.

Global – 2008

An Introduction to Human Trafficking: Vulnerability, Impact and Action

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)

This document is a great source for understanding the dynamics and complexity of trafficking of human beings. It includes definitions and examples from different countries and regions.

Global – 2008

Before Their Time

American Educator

Circumstances of child labor around the world form the experience and work of a photographer.

Global - 2008

Global Initiative to Fight Human Trafficking

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

It is a brief document that sums the global commitment taken against human trafficking.

Global – 2007

A handbook: on planning projects to prevent child trafficking

Terre des Hommes Foundation

This handbook focuses on ways in which child trafficking can be prevented. It looks in particular at activities which are organized as projects or programs, but also comments more generally on what actions are likely to be effective in preventing children from being trafficked.

Global – 2007

Trafficking in Persons: Global Patterns

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)

The purpose of the document is to present some of the global patterns of trafficking in human beings around the world. It has recommendations, terminology, and the basics to understand the complexity of human trafficking.

Global – 2006

Review of Child Labour, Education and Poverty Agenda

Global March Against Child Labour and International Centre on Child Labor and Education

The situation of Child Labour in India and the government actions against this problem

India - 2006

Trafficking in Persons in Latin America and the Caribbean

Congressional Research Service (CRS)

This report describes the nature and scope of the problem of trafficking in persons in Latin America and the Caribbean. The paper then describes U.S. efforts to deal with trafficking in persons in the region, as well as discusses the successes and failures of some recent country and regional anti-trafficking efforts.

Latin America – 2005

Combating Child Trafficking

UNICEF

This is a guideline provided by UNICEF to parliamentarians on best practices of prevention and protection to children victims of human trafficking.

Global – 2005

National Referral Mechanisms: Joining efforts to protect the rights of trafficked persons

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

This document addresses the importance of national referral mechanisms and how they can help in preventing trafficking in human beings.

Global – 2004

Literature Review of Trafficking in Persons in Latin America and the Caribbean

USAID

This document presents particular traits of trafficking on human beings that spread specifically in Latin America and the Caribbean. Some of the issues addressed are sexual exploitation, domestic labor, agricultural labor and the relationship between migration and trafficking.

Regional – 2004

Kids as Commodities?

Terre des Hommes Foundation

This study of child trafficking describes a pattern of human rights violations affecting at least one million children today - probably many more. It concerns the business of taking children away from their homes and families, transporting them elsewhere, often across frontiers and even to other continents, to be put to use by others, usually to make money.

Global – 2004

The Health Risks and Consequences of Trafficking in Women and Adolescents

London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine

This investigation points out the health risks that human trafficking has on young and adult women. It is divided in three stages, prior to being subjected to trafficking, during and after.

Regional – 2003

Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children in the Countries Of The Americas

The Protection Project At Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies

Executive summary. This Report adopts a comprehensive approach to trafficking in persons in the countries of the Americas, documents not only trafficking for the purpose of prostitution, but also trafficking for other forms of sexual exploitation, and also documents labor trafficking. The Report focuses primarily on sex tourism and child pornography.

Regional: Latin America - 2002

Children on the Edge

UNICEF

The situation of children involved in sexual exploitation and trafficking in East Asia and the Pacific.

Asia and the Pacific - 2001

The Dakar Framework for Action

UNESCO

It expresses the international community’s collective commitment to pursue a broad-based strategy for ensuring that the basic learning needs of every child, youth and adult are met within a generation and sustained thereafter.

Global - 2000

Guidelines on the Protection of child victims of trafficking

UNICEF

This is a document that presents guidelines and best practices to protect children who are victims of trafficking. It includes a through analysis on how a child’s case should be integrated and also some statistics on ethical principles.

Global

Prevention of Trafficking and Protection of Victims of Violence

South Asia Regional Initiative/Equity Support Program (SARI)

This is a research on how government and NGO’s address the problem of human trafficking, with particular interest on the protection process.

Global

Principles of Child participation and protection

Global March Against Child Labour

Some activities managed to protect and promoted the rights of all children, especially the right to receive a free, meaningful education and to be free from economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to be harmful to the child's physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development.

Global

Climate Change and Migration: Improving Methodologies to Estimate Flows

International Organization for Migration

The consequences of climate change, including changes in the frequency and violence of extreme weather events and changing precipitation patterns are expected to have large impacts on people’s livelihoods, especially in poor and vulnerable rural societies. In many of these societies migration has already been a livelihood strategy for generations.

Global - 2008

Voices of Child Migrants “A Better Understanding of How Life Is”

Development Research Center

This document is an attempt to imaginatively engage policymakers, and others working in relevant fields with the lives and experiences of independent child migrants.

Global - 2005

Managing Migration: The Global Challenge

Population Reference Bureau

The number of international migrants is at an all-time high. There were 191 million migrants in 2005, which means that 3 percent of the world’s people left their coun­try of birth or citizenship for a year or more.1 The num­ber of international migrants in industrialized countries more than doubled between 1985 and 2005, from almost 55 million to 120 million.

Global - 2008

Immigration to the United States

Population Reference Bureau

Is the arrival of so many people in the United States to be welcomed or feared? There is no single answer, which helps explain why Americans are ambivalent about immigration.

United States - 1999

Annual Report, 2009

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)

The Annual Report provides an overview of what UNODC is doing to help Member States address the threat posed by drugs, crime and terrorism. The report demonstrates that, in an unstable world, the information and expertise provided by UNODC are in high demand.

Global, 2009

Alcohol and Injury in Emergency Departments, 2007

World Health Organization

“Summary of the Report from the WHO Collaborative Study on Alcohol and Injuries.”

Global – 2007

WHO Collaborative Project on Identification and Management of Alcohol-Related Problems in Primary Health Care. Report on Phase IV: Development of Country-Wide Strategies for Implementing Early Identification and Brief Intervention in Primary Health Care, 2006

World Health Organization

"This Report describes the background, methods and findings of Phase IV of the WHO Collaborative Project on Detection and Management of Alcohol-related Problems in Primary Health Care."

Global - 2006

Alcohol Use and Sexual Risk Behaviour: A Cross-Cultural Study in Eight Countries, 2005

World Health Organization

"The project focused on eight countries from four continents (Belarus, India, Mexico, Kenya, Romania, the Russian Federation, South Africa and Zambia) and consisted of a literature review carried out during 2002; developing methodological for field study aimed at complementing the literature data with up-to-date empirical findings (2002); on-site research in the eight countries, yielding eight country reports (2002-2003); and country-specific findings, wich are the subject of this report."

Global - 2005

Alcohol, Gender and Drinking Problems: Perspectives from Low and Middle Income Countries, 2005

World Health Organization

"This book is a product of the multinational collaborative project on "Gender, Alcohol and Culture: an International Study" (GENACIS). It addresses significant issues on gender and alcohol and presents data from eight low and middle icome countries."

Global - 2005

World Youth Assembly for Road Safety the Report

World Health Organization – Road Safety is no Accident

“The first ever World Youth Assembly for Road Safety was held at the United Nations Palais des Nations in Geneva, Switzerland from 23–24 April 2007. Nearly 400 young delegates from 100 countries, many of whom are engaged as advocates for road safety in their countries, came together under the auspices of the United Nations to share experiences and ideas and to identify ways to strengthen their road safety efforts at home. The enormous enthusiasm and dedication these young delegates brought to Geneva was palpable throughout the event.”

Global – 2007

Helmets. A road safety manual for decisions – makers and practitioners.

World Health Organization – The World Bank  

“The World report on road traffic injury prevention, launched jointly in 2004 by the World Health Organization and the World Bank, identified improvements in road safety management together with specific actions that have led to dramatic decreases in road traffic deaths and injuries in industrialized countries that have been active in road safety. The use of seatbelts, helmets and child restraints, the report showed, have saved thousands of lives.”

Global – 2006